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CCharacter

Homer

The traditional author of the Iliad and the Odyssey

The name attached to the two great epics of ancient Greece. Almost nothing certain is known about him: seven c…

poetauthororal traditionHomeric Question
CCharacter

Achilles

The greatest Achaean warrior · hero of the Iliad

Son of Peleus and the sea-nymph Thetis, and the strongest fighter on the Achaean side. His wrath at being depr…

AchaeanheroMyrmidonsIliad
CCharacter

Odysseus

King of Ithaca · hero of the Odyssey

King of Ithaca, husband of Penelope, father of Telemachus, and the most resourceful of the Achaean leaders. Th…

AchaeanIthacaheroOdyssey
CCharacter

Hector

Trojan commander · defender of Troy and its household

Son of Priam and Hecuba, husband of Andromache, father of Astyanax, and the commander of the Trojan forces. Mo…

TrojanheroTroyIliad
CCharacter

Athena

Goddess of wisdom and war · patron of Odysseus and Achilles

Daughter of Zeus and a goddess of war, craft, and counsel. In the Iliad she is the Achaeans’ most active divin…

Olympiangoddesswisdomwar
CCharacter

Zeus

King of the Olympian gods · guarantor of fate and hospitalit…

The king of the gods, lord of the sky, thunder, and justice. He is not a simple partisan: in the Iliad he gran…

Olympianking of godsskyfate
CCharacter

Penelope

Queen of Ithaca · wife of Odysseus

Wife of Odysseus and mother of Telemachus. For ten years she has held off more than a hundred suitors by promi…

IthacaqueenOdysseyloyalty
CCharacter

Agamemnon

High king of the Achaeans · commander at Troy

Son of Atreus, king of Mycenae, and the nominal commander of the Achaean coalition. His refusal to return Chry…

AchaeankingMycenaeIliad
CCharacter

Patroclus

Achilles’ closest companion · the death that ends the wrath

Son of Menoetius and Achilles’ closest companion. He goes into battle in Achilles’ armour to save the Achaeans…

AchaeanheroIliadcompanion