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Odyssey
Ten years of wandering and the return home
Twenty-four books on Odysseus’ long way home from Troy. While suitors consume his house and press his wife Pen…
Athena
Goddess of wisdom and war · patron of Odysseus and Achilles
Daughter of Zeus and a goddess of war, craft, and counsel. In the Iliad she is the Achaeans’ most active divin…
Nóstos
The return home · the goal of the Odyssey
The return home after war, and the poem’s name for what Odysseus is trying to achieve. Nóstos is not merely tr…
Iliad II · The Dream and the Catalogue
Iliad · Book II
Zeus sends a false dream to Agamemnon, who tests the army’s morale and nearly loses it to a rush for home. Ody…
Iliad III · The Duel and the Oath
Iliad · Book III
Paris and Menelaus agree to settle the war by single combat. Menelaus wins, but Aphrodite carries Paris back i…
Iliad IX · The Embassy to Achilles
Iliad · Book IX
Agamemnon admits that the war is going badly and sends Odysseus, Aias, and Phoenix to offer Achilles a huge co…
Iliad X · The Night Raid
Iliad · Book X
Unable to sleep, Agamemnon and Menelaus rouse the commanders. Diomedes and Odysseus go out to scout the Trojan…
Iliad XIII · Battle at the Ships
Iliad · Book XIII
Poseidon disguises himself and rallies the Achaeans. Idomeneus fights brilliantly, Menelaus and Meriones hold …
Odyssey I · Athena and Telemachus
Odyssey · Book I
Athena visits Ithaca disguised as Mentes and urges Telemachus to sail in search of news of his father. The sui…
Odyssey III · Nestor at Pylos
Odyssey · Book III
Telemachus reaches Pylos, where Nestor receives him and tells what he knows of the returns from Troy. The trai…
Odyssey V · Calypso and the Raft
Odyssey · Book V
Athena persuades Zeus to order Odysseus’ release. Calypso gives him tools and provisions, and he builds a raft…
Odyssey VI · Nausicaa
Odyssey · Book VI
Athena sends Nausicaa to the river to wash clothes, where she finds the shipwrecked Odysseus. He supplicates h…
Odyssey VII · The Palace of Alcinous
Odyssey · Book VII
Odysseus is received by Arete and Alcinous in the Phaeacian palace. He tells the story of his shipwreck, and t…
Odyssey VIII · Demodocus and the Games
Odyssey · Book VIII
The Phaeacians hold games and feasts for Odysseus, and the blind bard Demodocus sings of Troy. Odysseus weeps …
Odyssey IX · The Cyclops
Odyssey · Book IX
Odysseus tells how he and his men entered the cave of Polyphemus, were trapped, and escaped after blinding the…
Odyssey X · Aeolus, the Laestrygonians, and Circe
Odyssey · Book X
Aeolus gives Odysseus a bag of winds, but his crew opens it and they are blown back. After the Laestrygonians …
Odyssey XI · The Underworld
Odyssey · Book XI
Odysseus visits the land of the dead to consult Tiresias. He meets his mother, Agamemnon, Achilles, and other …
Odyssey XII · The Sirens, Scylla, and the Cattle of Helios
Odyssey · Book XII
Odysseus passes the Sirens, Scylla, and Charybdis, losing men at each stage. His crew then slaughter the cattl…
Odyssey XIII · Return to Ithaca
Odyssey · Book XIII
The Phaeacians carry Odysseus to Ithaca and leave him asleep on the shore. Athena disguises him as an old begg…
Odyssey XIV · Eumaeus the Swineherd
Odyssey · Book XIV
Odysseus is welcomed by the loyal swineherd Eumaeus, who does not recognize him. Odysseus invents a Cretan ide…
Odyssey XV · Telemachus Returns
Odyssey · Book XV
Athena goes to Sparta and tells Telemachus to return home. He escapes the suitors’ ambush and lands at Ithaca,…
Odyssey XVI · Father and Son
Odyssey · Book XVI
Odysseus reveals himself to Telemachus, and the two plan the destruction of the suitors. Penelope, meanwhile, …
Odyssey XVII · The Beggar in the Hall
Odyssey · Book XVII
Telemachus returns to the palace and Odysseus enters as a beggar. Antinous abuses him, and Penelope asks to sp…
Odyssey XVIII · Irus and the Suitors
Odyssey · Book XVIII
A beggar named Irus challenges Odysseus to a fight, and Odysseus wins. Penelope appears before the suitors, an…
Odyssey XIX · The Scar
Odyssey · Book XIX
Penelope questions the beggar about Odysseus, and Eurycleia recognizes him by the scar on his thigh while wash…
Odyssey XX · The Last Night
Odyssey · Book XX
Odysseus lies awake planning revenge, while the suitors feast and abuse him. Omens warn of their destruction, …
Odyssey XXI · The Contest of the Bow
Odyssey · Book XXI
Penelope sets up the contest: whoever can string Odysseus’ bow and shoot an arrow through twelve axe heads win…
Odyssey XXII · The Slaughter of the Suitors
Odyssey · Book XXII
Odysseus shoots Antinous, reveals himself to the suitors, and with Telemachus and two loyal servants kills the…
Odyssey XXIII · The Recognition of Penelope
Odyssey · Book XXIII
Penelope tests the beggar by ordering the marriage bed to be moved. Odysseus reveals the secret of the olive-t…
Odyssey XXIV · Peace in Ithaca
Odyssey · Book XXIV
Hermes leads the suitors’ souls to the underworld. Odysseus visits his father Laertes, and the suitors’ relati…