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31 entries · Tag “Iliad”
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Achilles
The greatest Achaean warrior · hero of the Iliad
Son of Peleus and the sea-nymph Thetis, and the strongest fighter on the Achaean side. His wrath at being depr…
Hector
Trojan commander · defender of Troy and its household
Son of Priam and Hecuba, husband of Andromache, father of Astyanax, and the commander of the Trojan forces. Mo…
Agamemnon
High king of the Achaeans · commander at Troy
Son of Atreus, king of Mycenae, and the nominal commander of the Achaean coalition. His refusal to return Chry…
Patroclus
Achilles’ closest companion · the death that ends the wrath
Son of Menoetius and Achilles’ closest companion. He goes into battle in Achilles’ armour to save the Achaeans…
Troy
The city at the centre of the Trojan War
The city in the Troad, on the north-west coast of Asia Minor, whose abduction of Helen brought the Achaean coa…
Kléos
The glory that survives a hero’s death
The report, fame, or glory that a hero wins by great deeds and that continues after death. Kléos is the centra…
Xenía
The reciprocal obligation between host and guest
The ancient Greek institution of guest-friendship: a reciprocal bond of gifts, protection, and honour between …
Iliad I · The Wrath of Achilles
Iliad · Book I
A plague sent by Apollo forces Agamemnon to return Chryseis, but the king takes Achilles’ prize Briseis in her…
Iliad II · The Dream and the Catalogue
Iliad · Book II
Zeus sends a false dream to Agamemnon, who tests the army’s morale and nearly loses it to a rush for home. Ody…
Iliad III · The Duel and the Oath
Iliad · Book III
Paris and Menelaus agree to settle the war by single combat. Menelaus wins, but Aphrodite carries Paris back i…
Iliad IV · The Broken Oath
Iliad · Book IV
Athena, urged by Hera, persuades the archer Pandarus to wound Menelaus and break the truce. The armies join ba…
Iliad V · The Aristeia of Diomedes
Iliad · Book V
Athena fills Diomedes with strength, and he dominates the battlefield, wounding Aphrodite and even Ares. Aenea…
Iliad VI · Hector Returns to Troy
Iliad · Book VI
Hector goes back into the city to arrange a sacrifice and to rebuke Paris for staying out of the fight. At the…
Iliad VII · Hector and Aias
Iliad · Book VII
Hector challenges the best of the Achaeans to single combat. The lot falls to Aias, and the two fight to a dra…
Iliad VIII · The Golden Scales
Iliad · Book VIII
Zeus forbids the gods to intervene, weighs the fates of the two armies, and lets the Trojans drive the Achaean…
Iliad IX · The Embassy to Achilles
Iliad · Book IX
Agamemnon admits that the war is going badly and sends Odysseus, Aias, and Phoenix to offer Achilles a huge co…
Iliad X · The Night Raid
Iliad · Book X
Unable to sleep, Agamemnon and Menelaus rouse the commanders. Diomedes and Odysseus go out to scout the Trojan…
Iliad XI · The Wounding of the Commanders
Iliad · Book XI
Agamemnon fights brilliantly until he is wounded and leaves the field. Diomedes, Odysseus, and others are woun…
Iliad XII · The Wall Breached
Iliad · Book XII
The Trojans attack the Achaean wall. Hector smashes the gate with a boulder, and Sarpedon and Glaucus lead the…
Iliad XIII · Battle at the Ships
Iliad · Book XIII
Poseidon disguises himself and rallies the Achaeans. Idomeneus fights brilliantly, Menelaus and Meriones hold …
Iliad XIV · The Deception of Zeus
Iliad · Book XIV
Hera borrows Aphrodite’s belt and puts Zeus to sleep on Mount Ida, allowing Poseidon to help the Achaeans. Aia…
Iliad XV · The Achaean Ships Burn
Iliad · Book XV
Zeus wakes and sends Apollo to restore Hector. The Trojans break through again, Hector reaches the ships, and …
Iliad XVI · The Death of Patroclus
Iliad · Book XVI
Patroclus borrows Achilles’ armour and leads the Myrmidons to save the ships. He kills Sarpedon but disobeys A…
Iliad XVII · The Fight for the Body
Iliad · Book XVII
Menelaus, Aias, and the Achaeans fight to recover Patroclus’ body and armour. Hector wears the armour of Achil…
Iliad XVIII · The Armour of Achilles
Iliad · Book XVIII
Achilles grieves for Patroclus and decides to return to battle, knowing that his own death will follow. Thetis…
Iliad XIX · Reconciliation and Arming
Iliad · Book XIX
Achilles and Agamemnon reconcile before the assembled army. Achilles refuses food and arms for battle, and his…
Iliad XX · The Return of Achilles
Iliad · Book XX
Zeus allows the gods to enter the battle, and Achilles goes on a rampage. Aeneas is saved by Poseidon, and the…
Iliad XXI · Achilles and the River
Iliad · Book XXI
Achilles kills Trojans without mercy and fights the river Scamander itself. The gods quarrel on Olympus, and A…
Iliad XXII · The Death of Hector
Iliad · Book XXII
Hector waits outside the walls and is deceived by Athena into facing Achilles. Achilles kills him and drags hi…
Iliad XXIII · The Funeral Games of Patroclus
Iliad · Book XXIII
Achilles buries Patroclus with a great pyre and funeral games. He drags Hector’s body around the tomb each day…
Iliad XXIV · The Ransom of Hector
Iliad · Book XXIV
Priam enters the Achaean camp by night, guided by Hermes, and begs Achilles for his son’s body. Achilles remem…